RARE TREASURE FROM THE DAWN OF DECIMAL
ZSD*
RARE TREASURE FROM THE DAWN OF DECIMAL: The 1966 Coombs/Wilson $10 Star Note — ZSD 16313*
When Australia made the historic shift from pounds, shillings, and pence to dollars and cents in 1966, a new era of banknotes was born — colorful, modern, and thoroughly collectible. Among these first decimal notes, one elusive rarity has risen to near-mythic status among collectors: the 1966 Commonwealth of Australia Ten Dollar Star Note, bearing the Coombs/Wilson signature combination and the last star prefix: ZSD 16313*.
Decimal Revolution and the $10 Note
On 14 February 1966, Australians began using the newly introduced decimal currency. The blue-toned $10 note featured explorer Francis Greenway on the front and poet Henry Lawson on the reverse. While millions were printed, a very small subset received a unique identifier: a star.
Star notes were issued as replacements for spoiled or damaged notes during the printing process. Instead of reusing serial numbers — which could lead to confusion or potential fraud — printers would insert a special note marked with an asterisk (*) at the end of the serial number. This makes each star note part of a fraction of a percent of the total print run.
ZSD: The Last of the Star Prefixes
The serial number ZSD 16313* marks a key milestone: it comes from the final known star prefix issued for the 1966 $10 denomination. The ZSD series represents the tail end of the star note issue before the Reserve Bank phased out the practice entirely in favor of other error-handling methods.
With only a handful of ZSD prefix notes known to survive, each example is a prized acquisition. According to seasoned numismatists and auction data, fewer than 25 examples are estimated to exist, with an even smaller number in uncirculated condition.
Value and Market Performance
Star notes — particularly last-prefix examples — are in high demand among serious collectors and institutional investors. In 2024, a ZSD Coombs/Wilson $10 star note in VF condition fetched over AUD $12,000 at a major Australian auction. Uncirculated examples, when they surface, can command well over AUD $25,000, with some cataloguing sources projecting future values to climb as much as 10–15% annually, given ongoing demand and dwindling supply.
A star note with clear print registration, strong embossing, and no folds or handling marks can significantly outperform catalogue benchmarks. Serial ZSD 16313*, with its aesthetic alignment and confirmed last-prefix status, is particularly well-regarded.
Why collectors/Investors Are Taking Notice
While the average decimal-era banknote may appreciate steadily, replacement star notes — especially first or last prefixes — often outperform traditional banknotes, offering a compelling niche for investors seeking standout ROI. Portfolio managers focusing on rare Australian banknotes view ZSD star tens as blue-chip collectables, comparable to rare gold sovereigns or early colonial proofs in scarcity and status.
Additionally, these notes tick multiple boxes for rarity:
- Transitional issue (first year of decimal)
- Obsolete security features (metallic thread and watermark)
- Limited print run and specific usage (replacements only)
- Last known prefix (ZSD)
- Signature pair (Coombs/Wilson) linked only to 1966 $10 issues
Conclusion
The 1966 Coombs/Wilson $10 ZSD Star Note is far more than just a replacement — it’s a cornerstone of Australia’s decimal banknote history. With its combination of historic significance, low survival numbers, and high collector demand, ZSD 16313* stands as a numismatic marvel — a beacon for serious collectors and forward-looking investors alike.
Whether viewed through the lens of history or investment, few Australian notes shine as brightly as this rare decimal star.
The Elusive Red...
1967 $20 Coombs/Randall Banknote – Serial XBR 009631
In the rich tapestry of Australian banknote history, few notes hold the reverence and desirability of the 1967 $20 Commonwealth of Australia issue bearing the Coombs/Randall signature combination. A pivotal release in the early decimal era, this scarlet-red note, especially with a serial number like XBR 009631, is a coveted trophy for both collectors and serious investors.
A Decimal Debut with a Short Signature Life
Issued for a brief period, the 1967 $20 note featuring the Coombs/Randall pairing was the first and only $20 Commonwealth note to bear this signature combination. It was printed in limited quantities before John G. Phillips succeeded H.C. Coombs as Governor of the Reserve Bank. This short-lived print run has made surviving uncirculated examples extremely rare.
The serial prefix XBR indicates a general circulation issue, printed at Note Printing Branch Melbourne, and belongs to the early sequence of Coombs/Randall $20s.
Design & Features
- Obverse: Features Sir Charles Kingsford Smith, the legendary aviator, with his iconic Fokker aircraft "Southern Cross."
- Reverse: A stunning engraving of the Wills and Burke expedition, capturing the spirit of early Australian exploration.
- Watermark: Captain James Cook
- Color: A vibrant and deeply inked red – a standout among Australia’s early decimal issues.
Rarity of Serial XBR 009631
Low-numbered serials such as XBR 009631 fall within the early production band and are particularly attractive to collectors. While not a first-prefix note (that would be XAA), the XBR series remains within the standard circulation bands and sees strong demand when preserved in uncirculated (UNC)
Market Valuation (As of July 2025)
Uncirculated (UNC)$2,500 – $4,500+
Note: The actual value of serial XBR 009631 would be influenced by precise condition, paper originality, and market timing.
Collector Insight: Why It Matters
- Short Signature Lifespan – One-year production.
- No Star Replacements Issued – Increases the rarity.
- Historic and Artistic Design – Celebrates key Australian figures and achievements.
- Investment Appeal – Scarcity of UNC examples is driving premium auction results.
Recent Market Trends
In recent years, high-grade examples have fetched record prices at Australian auctions, especially when PMG-graded. Notes with original paper, crisp corners, and strong embossing consistently command investor-level interest, making the Coombs/Randall $20 a mainstay in premium decimal portfolios.
Final Word
Whether you're a seasoned banknote investor or a passionate numismatist, the 1967 $20 Coombs/Randall XBR 009631 is more than just currency — it’s a historic artefact from the dawn of Australia’s decimal transformation. For those fortunate enough to hold one in top grade, it is not just a collectible — it’s a growing asset with generational value.
About Australian Decimal Paper Banknotes
"Australia’s First Decimal $2 Replacement Note"
📘 MAGAZINE FEATURE ARTICLE
1966 Commonwealth of Australia $2 Star Note – Coombs/Wilson – ZFB73564*
"Australia’s First Decimal $2 Replacement Note"
🔍 Overview
The 1966 $2 Coombs/Wilson star replacement note, serial ZFB73564*, marks a significant milestone in Australia's decimal banknote history. Issued at the dawn of decimalisation on 14 February 1966, these star notes were printed as replacements for damaged or misprinted notes and were never intended for public distribution in large volumes. Each is easily recognised by a distinctive asterisk symbol (*) at the end of its serial number—a rarity hallmark that fuels strong collector demand.
📖 Historical Significance
- First decimal $2 replacement series
- Signed by H.C. Coombs (Governor) and R.J. Wilson (Secretary to the Treasury)
- Printed by Note Printing Branch, Melbourne
- Prefix “ZFB” was one of only three used for 1966 $2 star notes (ZFA, ZFB, ZFC)
- Printed on rag paper, with black over red-orange/tan underprint and featuring John Macarthur and Merino sheep on the front
💎 Collectability
Because replacement star notes were only issued in response to print errors, their numbers were extremely limited. Most ZFB* notes were circulated heavily, making UNCIRCULATED examples like ZFB73564* exceptionally rare.
Key appeal:
- Early decimal issue
- Scarce signature combo (Coombs/Wilson)
- Star note rarity multiplier
- High grade condition
📈 Market Value Estimate – July 2025
Grade Estimated Value (AUD) UNC$3,500–$4,500+ GEM UNC (Superb)$5,500–$7,000+ (rare auction territory)
Note: The actual sale price depends on note centering, paper brightness, and absence of handling
🧠 Collector Insight
The ZFB73564* note fits squarely within the "holy grail" category for decimal banknote flippers and investors. Auction appearances are sporadic, and prices have appreciated steadily over the past decade, with top specimens delivering double-digit CAGR returns since 2018.
📌 Conclusion
For the serious collector or strategic investor, ZFB73564* is more than just a banknote—it's a foundational artefact from Australia’s decimal currency genesis. Its star status, 1966 origin, and uncirculated condition combine to position it as a flagship item in any premium numismatic portfolio.
About Australian Decimal Paper Banknotes
Star of 1968 – The Rare ZFQ09005
Magazine Article Draft
Title: Star of 1968 – The Rare ZFQ09005* Phillips/Randall $2 Banknote
A Glimpse into Decimal Rarity: The 1968 ZFQ09005*
In the refined world of Australian paper currency collecting, few notes command attention quite like the 1968 $2 Phillips/Randall star note, serial ZFQ09005*. This uncirculated gem hails from the Commonwealth of Australia era and stands out not only for its pristine condition but for its exceptional rarity—marked by the distinctive asterisk replacing the final digit, denoting it as a replacement or "star" note.
What Are Star Notes?
Star notes were issued to replace misprinted banknotes during the printing process. Instead of duplicating a serial number, these replacement notes were printed with a star (*) symbol at the end of the serial. They were never released in large quantities, making them highly desirable among collectors today—especially in uncirculated (UNC) condition.
The Phillips/Randall Signature Combination
Signed by R.J. Randall (Governor) and H.C. Phillips (Secretary to the Treasury), this note reflects the early years of Australia’s decimal transition. Issued in 1968, it marks only the third year of decimal $2 paper notes, further elevating its historical appeal.
Serial Prefix ZFQ – A Scarce Run
The ZFQ series was part of a limited replacement run, and finding a star note within this range—particularly one with a low serial like 09005—is exceedingly rare. It indicates early placement in the print sequence, often prized by collectors for its aesthetic and scarcity value.
Estimated Value (as of mid-2025):
- Uncirculated (UNC): $3,500 – $5,000
Prices are strongly influenced by eye appeal, serial alignment, centering, and paper originality.
Why It’s a Blue-Chip Collectable
With only a tiny fraction of star notes surviving in uncirculated condition, the ZFQ09005* is not just a collectible—it’s a museum-worthy asset. For serious numismatists and investment-minded collectors, this note represents a rare opportunity to hold a cornerstone of Australian decimal history.
Final Thoughts
As Australian banknote collectors continue to hunt for elite examples from the decimal era, the 1968 ZFQ09005* $2 star note stands as a shining exemplar of scarcity, condition, and legacy. Whether held for pride or profit, it’s a note destined to appreciate.
About Australian Decimal Paper Banknotes
Golden Era Collectable...
💰 Golden Era Collectible: The 1991 Fraser/Cole $50 Note
The 1991 Australian $50 paper banknote bearing the Fraser/Cole signature pairing is quietly gaining traction among collectors, investors, and currency historians. Issued by the Reserve Bank of Australia during a pivotal transitional phase between paper and polymer, this note is emblematic of a bygone design era—striking in its artistry, technical printing, and rarity in pristine condition.
This article takes a closer look at serial number WNL 694233, a confirmed uncirculated specimen, and its market standing in 2025.
📌 Key Note Details
- Denomination: $50
- Year of Issue: 1991
- Signatories: Bernie Fraser (Governor) / Tony Cole (Secretary to the Treasury)
- Prefix & Serial: WNL 694233
- Printer: Note Printing Australia
- Medium: Paper (pre-polymer)
- Design:
- Obverse: David Unaipon, Ngarrindjeri preacher, inventor, and author
- Reverse: Edith Cowan, the first woman elected to an Australian parliament
- Obverse: David Unaipon, Ngarrindjeri preacher, inventor, and author
- Security Features (1991 tech):
- Shadow watermark
- Metallic security thread
- Microprinting
- Intaglio raised ink
- Shadow watermark
🧾 Collector's Snapshot: Why WNL Prefix Matters
The WNL prefix belongs to the final batch of paper Fraser/Cole $50 notes before the short-lived 1992 Fraser/Evans transition began. While WNL is not a first or last prefix in the strictest collectible sense, it falls in the "late high-run" bracket—often valued higher than common WK prefixes due to its lower relative survival rate in UNC condition.
🔎 Current Market Value (as of July 2025)
Uncirculated (aUNC–UNC)$175–$220 AUD Recent auction range (privately sold for $200 in May 2025)
Choice UNC (ChUNC)$225–$260
📈 Market Insights
- 7-Year CAGR: ~6.8% for UNC Fraser/Cole $50 notes (2025 figures)
- Turnover Rate: Low—most sales occur via private dealers or specialist auctions (ANDA events, Noble Numismatics, etc.)
- Investment Outlook: Stable appreciation, boosted by growing nostalgia for pre-polymer notes and the legacy of early 1990s design.
🔖 Collector Tip
Fraser/Cole paper notes are often overshadowed by polymer cousins, but in uncirculated form, they present a lower-entry gateway into high-yield appreciation compared to rarer pre-decimal or star notes. Provenance and visual appeal (such as bright coloration and unbroken embossing) significantly influence final value.
Final Word
WNL 694233 stands as a textbook example of the undervalued potential in late-era paper banknotes. Its scarcity in mint form, combined with the enduring appeal of its design figures and historical context, makes it a worthy addition for both new collectors and seasoned investors.
For those holding similar Fraser/Cole $50 notes, consider condition certification and secure archival storage to preserve long-term value. Market interest is rising—quietly but steadily.
Auction BUY: $190
Flip SOLD: $258
ROI @ 35.8%
About Australian Decimal Paper Banknotes
The End of an Era in Grey: Australia’s Final $100 Grey Nurse Banknote...
A
The End of an Era in Grey: Australia’s Final $100 Grey Nurse Banknote
Australia’s numismatic history is rich with standout notes, but few capture collector interest like the 1985 $100 Grey Nurse, especially in uncirculated condition and bearing the final signature combination of Johnston/Fraser with a high ZFU prefix. The featured note – ZFU 702178 – exemplifies the rare intersection of end-of-series prestige, condition rarity, and strong market value.
Background: The Grey Nurse Series
Introduced in 1984, the grey-toned $100 paper note quickly earned the nickname “Grey Nurse” due to its color scheme. Its short lifespan — replaced by the polymer $100 in 1996 — makes every note from this series inherently collectible. But not all Grey Nurses are created equal.
Significance of Johnston/Fraser ZFU Prefix
- Signatures: Johnston/Fraser was the final signature pairing for the paper $100 issued in 1985.
- Prefix: The ZFU series marks the last prefix of the last signature, placing it at the tail-end of the paper era.
- Print Run Estimate: Approximately 1.5 million notes were printed with ZFU, making it scarcer than earlier 1985 prefixes.
- Historical Context: After this batch, no further $100 paper notes were printed until the transition to polymer, further boosting its significance.
ZFU 702178 – A Closer Look
This particular example, ZFU 702178, is a prime specimen:
- Condition: Uncirculated (UNC), with crisp paper, sharp corners, full embossing, and strong color contrast.
- Serial Presentation: A mid-run serial, clear of any printing errors or alignment flaws, making it desirable to both condition and type collectors.
- Security Features: Traditional watermark of Sir Douglas Mawson and metallic thread embedded in paper stock.
Current Market Value (July 2025)
- UNC Grade: AUD $2,500 – $2,900
- Premiums: Star notes, low serials (ZFU 000001–000100), or consecutive pairs can fetch significantly higher.
- Market Trends: Up +18% CAGR since 2020 in uncirculated condition.
Investment Outlook
The Johnston/Fraser ZFU is now classified by many dealers as a hybrid flip-and-hold note — short-term ROI potential for flippers, with long-term scarcity appeal for set builders. With demand shifting toward “last prefix” and “last signature” types, the ZFU sits in a sweet spot for collectors diversifying mid-to-high denomination paper holdings.
Final Word
The ZFU 702178 is more than just an old note — it's a tangible slice of transition in Australian currency history. Whether you're flipping for ROI or locking it away in your long-term portfolio, this final signature Grey Nurse deserves a proud place in any serious collection.
Auction BUY: $390
Flip SOLD: $850
ROI @ 117.9%
Graded: EF
About Australian Decimal Paper Banknotes
A Collector's Gem: The 1979 Knight / Stone $5 with Solid 8 Serial...
A Collector's Gem: The 1979 Knight / Stone $5 with Solid 8 Serial
Historical & Design Context
- Issue Period: August 1979 – May 1983, featuring the Knight / Stone signatures—first introduced in 1979.
- Obverse: Sir Joseph Banks among Australian flora; Reverse: Caroline Chisholm and early settlement imagery
- This paper $5 was phased out in the early 1990s when polymer notes replaced paper currency
Serial Number Significance
- The PCJ prefix indicates a general middle‑issue run—unlike first or last prefixes, which carry premium value
- Solid serials (all six digits the same) such as 888888 fall into the most coveted serial categories—alongside repeaters, ladders, radars—and are highly sought after by collectors
Condition & Collectability
- Uncirculated (UNC) condition is exceptionally scarce for this series.
- Solid serials such as 777777 have sold for around A$275 in EF grade—indicating strong collector demand for repetitive sequences
Estimated Market Value for PCJ 888888 UNC
- Why so valuable? A perfect, uncirculated note bearing the ultra‑rare solid “888888” serial, even with a general‑range prefix like PCJ, pushes this into top‑tier collectability. The 888888 configuration, symbolic and striking, historically fetches strong premiums.
- On premium markets (specialized auctions and serious collectors), values at the higher end (or even exceeding A$1,000) are possible—but A$500–800 is a realistic current estimate.
Why PCJ 888888 Matters
- Symbolic appeal: Solid six‑digit patterns are visually and numerically iconic in numismatics.
- Complete perfection: In uncirculated condition, value multiplies.
- Collectible mix: Combines a decent prefix with a rare serial—making this one of the most collectible forms of the 1979 $5 note.
Final Thought
The 1979 Knight / Stone $5, PCJ 888888, UNC is a standout piece—capturing both historical charm and serial rarity. Even as a general‑prefix example, its solid-8 sequence elevates it into serious collector territory. Current market estimates suggest A$500–800, with potential for more among dedicated serial‑note collectors.
Auction BUY: $960
Flip SOLD: $1550
ROI @ 61.5%